India markets: Inflation recedes, more liquidity steps
Monetary policy focused on growth-inflation trade-off.
Group Research - Econs, Radhika Rao13 Feb 2025
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January inflation slowed to 4.3% yoy from 5.2% in December, edging closer to the mid-point of the target range. Sequential moderation was largely driven by a correction in vegetable prices reflecting winter disinflation as well as lower protein sources. Food (& beverages) slowed to 5.7% yoy vs 7.7% in Dec24.Vegetables inflation declined ~16% MoM, accompanied by a 2% drop in pulses and products as well as lower egg plus spices etc. Cereals were marginally higher on MoM terms. While the bigger swing factor for the headline was food, non-food momentum was also subdued. The core reading (ex-food and fuel) inched up marginally to 3.66% yoy vs 3.58% month before, partly driven by gold. Softening inflation prints back the central bank MPC’s move to lower rates earlier in the month, with headline prints expected to head to the midpoint of the target over the next two months. Indicating softer growth momentum, IP growth moderated to 3.2% yoy in December from 5% month before, on weaker consumer goods output, despite signs of a pickup in infra & construction goods. 

Monetary policy would remain focused on the domestic growth-inflation trade-off at this juncture, whilst addressing rupee depreciation risks via intervention efforts. We expect another 25bp rate cut at the April meeting and a total of 75bp in this cycle. Looking ahead, while headline eases, core inflation is likely to head towards 4% into early FY26. We expect FY25 inflation to average 4.8% yoy, before easing to 4.1% next year, assuming normal monsoons and low global energy prices. 

Liquidity measures will need to be adequate to enable better transmission. Deficit in the banking system stood at an average ~INR 1.8trn this week. The RBI will conduct a 49-day VRR auction worth INR750bn on Friday. In addition, an overnight repo auction worth INR 2.75trn is in the pipeline for Thursday, largest such quantum since daily auctions were introduced a month back. On Feb 11, to compensate for a drain on durable liquidity due to heavy FX intervention, the central bank had doubled the size of its bond purchases to INR400bn via open market operations, compared to earlier notified INR200bn (we had covered other measures here and here). Rupee movements have been choppy, with currency reversing out earlier gains to settle weaker near 86.90 yesterday.


Radhika Rao

Senior Economist – Eurozone, India, Indonesia
[email protected]



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